Caesalpinia sappan: Brazil-wood, bukkum wood, false sandalwood, Indian redwood, narrow-leaved braziletto, sappan tree, sappan wood tree, sappanwood

Common Names:

in English: Brazil-wood, bukkum wood, false sandalwood, Indian redwood, narrow-leaved braziletto, sappan tree, sappan wood tree, sappanwood

in Burma: teing-nyet

in Cambodia: sbaèng, sbeng

in China: su fang mu, su mu

in India: anaikuntrumani, bakaanu chekka, bakam, bakami- kirmyz, bakamu, bakanu, bakanu-chekka, bakapu, bakarucakka, bakaruchakka, bakasu chekka, bakkapu, bakkapu-chekka, bakkom, baqam, baqqam, baqum, bharyavriksha, bukkamu, bukkapu, bukkapuchettu, bukkum, cappan, cappanam, cappanga, cappankam, cappanki, cappanku, cappannam, cayamaram, cemmaram, chapenga, chappanam, chappanga, chappannam, ciyapankam, isiapangam, isiyapangam, kaparimaddi, kapuramaddi, kashtha, kuchandana, lohitaranga, okaanu, okanu, okanu-katta, padangam, parthangi, patamg, patamgam, patang, patang-ki-lakri, patanga, patanga-chekke, patanga-katta, patangachekke, patangada, patangah, patangam, patankam, patankan, patanku, pataranjaka, pathang, pathanga, pathanga chakka, pathangee, pathimukham, patranga, patrangah, patrangam, pattanga, pattangi, pattanki, pattaranga, pattaranjaka, pattaranjakah, pattraanga, pattranya, pattura, patunga, patungam, raktaka, raktamukta, raktasaara, raktasar, ranjana, rogakashtha, ruktamukta, sapangu, sappamgu, sappan, sappanga, sappangu, sappannam, sayamaram, suranga, surangada, tairi, tsiapangum, tsja-pangan, tsjampangam, varatanci, varattangi, vartangi, varttanki, varttankikkattai, vattangi, vattanki, vattankkattai, vattekku, vatunghe cuttay, vetteku, vurthingi

in Indonesia: kaju setjang, kayu secang, secang, soga jawa

in Laos: faang dèèng

in Malaysia: bakapu, sapang, sepang, sipang

in Philippines: sapan, sapang, sibucao, sibukau

in Thailand: faang, faang som, ngaai

in Tibetan: shing bo-kka’i shing-kun

in Vietnam: cay vang, co vang, may vang, vang, vang nhuôm, vang nhu[ooj]m, tô môc, to moc, t[oo] m[ooj]c, to phuong

Floral Description:

Trees, small, to 6 m tall, ± puberulent except on old branches and legumes. Branches with dense, conspicuous lenti­cels. Leaves 30-45 cm; pinnae 7-13 pairs, opposite, 8-12 cm; leaflets 10-17 pairs, closely spaced, sessile, oblong to oblong-rhombic, 1-2 cm × 5-7 mm, papery, both surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy, lateral veins slender, conspicuous on both sur­faces, contiguous near margin, base oblique, inserted at oblique angles to rachis of pinnae, apex retuse or rounded. Panicles ter­minal or axillary, ca. as long as leaves; bracts caducous, lan­ceolate, large. Pedicels ca. 1.5 cm, puberulent. Receptacle shal­lowly campanulate. Sepals 5, slightly unequal, lower one larger than others, cucullate. Petals yellow, broadly obovate, ca. 9 mm, uppermost one entire at apex, tinged pink at base, clawed. Stamens slightly exserted; filaments densely pubescent at lower part. Ovary grayish velutinous, stalked, 3-6-ovuled; style slen­der, hairy; stigma truncate. Legume reddish brown, shiny, slightly compressed, suboblong to oblong-obovoid, ca. 7 × 3.5-4 cm, woody, attenuate to base, apex obliquely truncate, upper margin with a sharp beak. Seeds 3 or 4, light brown, slightly compressed, oblong

Chemical Constitutes

3'-Deoxysappanone B, 3'-O-Methylbrazilin, 3'-O-Methylsappanol, 4-O-Methyl episappanol, 4-O-Methylsappanol, 8-Methoxybonducellin, Brazilin, Gallic acid, Glycine, Isoliquiritigenin 2'-methy ether, Neosappanone A, Ombuin, Phanginin A, Phanginin B, Phanginin C, Phanginin D, Phanginin E, Phanginin F, Phanginin G, Phanginin H, Phanginin I, Phanginin J, Phanginin K, Protosappanin E-2, Sappanchalcone

Activities and Uses:

Heartwood decoction or infusion emmenagogue, astringent, antidiarrheal, cytotoxic, antibiotic, antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidative, vulnerary, hemostatic, antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antifertility, to ease pain, to stop menstrual pain, to cure wounds, skin diseases, tuberculosis, diarrhea and dysentery; vomiting blood, boil the red wood and drink the decoction. Seeds sedative.