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Castor bean, castor bean tree, castor oil, castor oil bush, castor oil plant, castor oil tree, castor seed tree, castor seeds, palma Christi, red castor oil plant, wonder tree, Ricinus communis

Ricinus communis is commonly called as castor bean, castor bean tree, castor oil, castor oil bush, castor oil plant, castor oil tree, castor seed tree, castor seeds, palma Christi, red castor oil plant, wonder tree. 

It contains 1S,3R-Casbene, 9,10-Dihydroxystearic acid, Corilagin, ent-Copalyl diphosphate, Glyoxylic acid, Indole-3-acetic acid, Kaempferol 3-(6''-acetylglucosyl)-(1->3)-galactoside, Kaempferol 3-xyloside, Methyl indole-3-acetate, Naringenin 7-(2-p-Coumaroylglucoside), Nicotiflorin, Pimelic acid, Reynoutrin, Ricinine, Ricinoleic acid, Sebacic acid, Suberic acid.


Medicinal Properties, Uses and Precautions:
The seeds (and to a much lesser extent the leaves) contain ricin, a protein, which is highly toxic in small quantities. Humans as well as cattle, dogs, goats, horses, poultry, rabbits, sheep, and swine have been poisoned after ingesting the seeds. Humans who ingested the seeds became ill and died. The toxin has been used for suicide and assassination. Two to four chewed seeds can cause death in children. DO NOT ALLOW THESE PLANTS TO SET SEEDS!! Purgative, astringent and emollient, laxative, antiviral. Leaves are tied on forehead to relieve headache; a poultice of seeds of Brassica napus with roots of Moringa oleifera is applied on rheumatic pain and covered with leaves of Ricinus communis; leaf paste applied locally in case of piles; tender leaf decoction along with the whole plants of Phyllanthus fraternus and Eclipta alba given for the treatment of jaundice and liver diseases; leaf extract mixed with milk and given to cure jaundice; leaves extract of Ricinus communis, Calotropis procera and Ocimum sanctum taken to cure jaundice. Roots for toothache, a decoction from the boiled roots taken for abdominal troubles and as an appetite stimulant; a decoction of flowers of Mesua ferrea with stems of Tolypanthus involucratus and roots of Ricinus communis given in bodyache; root decoction along with roots of Cassia fistula given for rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis; root juice given in early months of pregnancy as abortifacient. The juice from pounded stem and leaves a remedy for ulcers, earache, diarrhea and stomachaches. Inside of fruit roasted, pounded, boiled to make oil used as body lotion. Veterinary medicine, ground seeds applied on sprains; leaves paste applied on swellings and wounds. Traditionally  this plant is used as laxative, purgative, fertilizer and fungicides etc. whereas the plant possess beneficial effects as antioxidant, antifertility, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, CNS stimulant, antidiabetic, insecticidal, larvicidal, antinociceptive, antiasthmatic, antiulcer, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, lipolytic, wound healing and central analgesic and many other medicinal properties.

Common Names:
in Arabic: arash, kharwa, kherwa’, shemouga
in Central and South America: al-pai-ue, balureira, carapateiro, carrapateira, carrapateiro, cashtilenque, chashilandacui, degha, figo-do-inferno, figueira do inferno, girgilla, guechi-beyo, higerilla negra, higuera del diablo, higuerella del pais, higuereta, higuerilla, higuerilla mexicana, higuerillo, k’ooch, kawapat, mamoeira, mamona, mamoneira, nduchidxaha, nhambuguaçu, quebe’enogua, quechipeyo-Castilla, ricina, rícino, thiquela, tsajtüma’ant, tzapolotl x-k’ooch, xkoch, xoxapajtzi, yaga-bilape, yaga-higo, yagahiigo, yaga-hijco, yaga-queze-aho, yuntu-nduchi-dzaha
in Bangladesh: bherenda
in China: bi ma zi, pei ma
in India: amanakku, amanda, amangala, andi, andwa, arand, arandi, araud, arendi, arid, avanacoe, avanacu, avanakku, ayidamu, bhanda, bhedra, bhendi, bherenda, bindi, chankuka, chatkijada, chitrabija, chitraka, citavanacu, citra, citrabija, citraka, cuvanna avanakku, dalda gass, digherandi, dirghadantaka, era, era pat, erand, eranda, erandah, erandam, erandamu, erandi, erangi, erendi, gaba, gandharavahasthah, gandharvahasta, gandharvahastaka, gandharvahastakah, hastikarna, hastiparnaka, inki-an, inki-ang, ishta, jada, jara, jara-mara, jaronda, joda, jora, kaala, kanta, karbis, kege, kitteyamara, lal erand, letok, lulucha, maah, manda, mutih, muchi, mutih, ndataila, nironda, oancangulah, oudale, pancangula, pancangulah, pancangulavatari, panchangula, panchangulam, pandi avanacu, panjangula, raktaeranda, raktairandah, ranga bindi, ranganedjara, rendi, risa jaradaru, rokron, rubu, ruvuka, sa-mak-loi, samakloi, shihrai sii, shukla, shulashatru, suklah, svehaprada, taruna, triputi, triputiphala, tuchhadru, urubaka, urubu, urubuka, usravuka, uttanapatraka, vardhamana, vardhamanaka, vatari, velutta avanakku, vuka, vyadambaka, vyadatvaka, vyaghradala, vyaghrapuccha, vyaghrapuchha, yeranda
in Japan: chanda-kashi, tô-goma
Malayan names: jarak, jarak berumah, jarak besar, minyak jarak
in Nepal: andela, ander, andi ko bot, avend, dhandarobi, dhatura
in Pakistan: morpad
in Philippines: casla, gatlaoua, hawa, katana, lansina, lingang-sina, sina, taca-taca, tan-tangan, tañgan-tañgan, tangan-tangan, taua-taua, tawa-tawa
in Thailand: khi-to, la-hung, ma-hong, ma-hong-hen, ma-hung
in Tibetan: dan-khra, dur byid, e ra nda, e ra nda dmar po, e ram nda, e-ran
in Vietnam: cay thau-dau, du-du-dau, ma puong si, thau dau, ty ma
in Hawaii: ka’apeha, kamakou, koli, la’au ‘aila, pa’aila
in East Africa: igonu, mbarika, mbono, mnyemba, mzono, nsogasoga, ol-dule
in Kenya: ebune, mwaiki
in Madagascar: kimanga, kinamena, kinana, kinanga, ricin, palma Christi, tanantanamanga, tanatanamanga, tanatanamena, tseroka
in Nigeria: zurma, zurman
in Sierra Leone: kasta weh, ngele bondoi
in Southern Africa: bloubottelboom, bosluisboom, kasterolieboom, olieboom, oliepitboom, wonderboom; nhlampfura (Tsonga); muFude, mufuta (Shona); muplure (Venda); mbariki (Swahili); mohlafotha (Sotho); mokhura (North Sotho); mokhura (Pedi); umHlakuva (Zulu); umfude (Ndebele); umhlakuva (Xhosa)
in Tanzania: mbono, mibono, mnyemba, mnyonyo, mujuna, odiele, oldule, omujuna
in Yoruba: ara pupa, lara, lara pupa, ilara, ilarun, lapalapa
adete
in Zambia: kaselelele, mbono, mono, mubalika
in Zimbabwe: muFude, mufuta
 
Scientific Names:
  • Ricinus communis var. aegyptiaceus (Popova) Moshkin
  • Ricinus communis var. africanus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis subsp. africanus (Mill.) Nyman
  • Ricinus communis var. amblyocalyx Müll.Arg.
  • Ricinus communis f. americanus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. americanus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. argentatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. argyratus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. armatus (Andr.) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. atratus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. atrobrunneatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. atrofulvatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. atrofuscatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. atrophoeniceus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. atropunicatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. atropurpureatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. avellanatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. badius (Rchb.) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. bailundensis J.M.Coult. 
  • Ricinus communis var. benguelensis Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. blumeanus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. brasiliensis Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. brevinodis Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis var. caesius Popova 
  • Ricinus communis f. canatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. canescens T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. carneatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. cervatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. cinerascens T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. cinereatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. communis  
  • Ricinus communis f. denudatus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. epiglaucus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. erythrocladus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. exiguus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. fulvatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. fumatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. fuscatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. gilvus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. glaucus Popova & Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis f. glaucus (Hoffmanns.) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. gracilis Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. griseofolius Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis f. guttatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. hybridus (Besser) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. hybridus (Besser) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. incarnatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. indehiscens Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis subsp. indicus Popova & Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis var. inermis (Mill.) Pax & K.Hoffm. 
  • Ricinus communis f. inermis (Mill.) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. intermedius Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. japonicus Popova & Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis var. japonicus E.D. Popova & Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis f. laevis (DC.) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. leucocarpus (Bertol.) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. lividus (Jacq.) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. macrocarpus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. macrophyllus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. macrophyllus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. maculatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis subsp. manshuricus V.Bork. 
  • Ricinus communis f. marmoreatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. megalospermus (Delile) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. mexicanus (Popova) Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis subsp. mexicanus Popova 
  • Ricinus communis var. microcarpus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. microspermus Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis var. minor Steud. 
  • Ricinus communis f. murinatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. nanus Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis f. nigellus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. nigrescens T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. niveatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. oblongus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. obscurus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. oligacanthus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. ostrinatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. pardalinus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis subsp. persicus Popova 
  • Ricinus communis f. picturatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. plumbeatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. pruinosus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. pullatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. punctatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. punctulatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. punicans T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. purpurascens (Bertol.) Pax 
  • Ricinus communis var. purpurascens (Bertol.) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. radiatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. reichenbachianus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. rheedianus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. roseus Popova & Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis f. rufescens T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. rugosus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. russatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. rutilans Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. sanguineus Baill. 
  • Ricinus communis subsp. sanguineus Popova 
  • Ricinus communis f. scaber (Bertol. ex Moris) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis subsp. scaber (Bertol. ex Moris) Nyman 
  • Ricinus communis f. scriptus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis subsp. sinensis Hiltebr. 
  • Ricinus communis f. sordidus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. speciosus (Burm.f.) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. spontaneus Popova & Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis f. stigmosus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. striatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. subpurpurascens Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. subpurpurascens Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. subrotundus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. subviridus Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. sulcatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. tigrinus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. umbrinus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. undulatus (Besser) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis var. vasconcellosii T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. venosus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. vinatus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis var. violaceocaulis Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis var. virens Popova 
  • Ricinus communis var. viridis Popova & Moshkin 
  • Ricinus communis f. viridis (Willd.) Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis subsp. zanzibarinus Popova 
  • Ricinus communis f. zebrinus T.Carvalho 
  • Ricinus communis f. zollingeri Müll.Arg. 
  • Ricinus communis f. zonatus T.Carvalho 

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