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Caesalpinia crista: bonduc nut, fever nut, nuga brasiletto


Common Names

in English: bonduc nut, fever nut, nuga brasiletto
in China: ci huo su mu, hua nan yun shiin India: akitmakit, akthamakhath, anataitus, ashak-e-marium,avil, ban-karetti, caretti, catalanemi, ceckhbar, chingsum- araung, gacachakaya, gacca, gaccakaya, gajaga, gajega, gajga, gajige, gajigekayi, gajikaimullu, gajjegaballi, gajji, gajjiga, gajjige, gajjigekayi, gajjuga, gajkai, gajri, gajuga, gatsakai, gattsa, gazzaga, gejige, gotchi, hajra ilaqi, hajraul-waladat, hajra-ul-masak, hajra-ul-unnisa, hajra-ul-nasara, hajra-ul-aqaab, kaccakikay, kaccakkay, kaka moullou, kakachika, kakamullu, kalachikai, kalanci, kalarci, kalarcik- koti, kalarci ver, kalarcik koluntu, kalarcik koti, kalarcip paruppu, kalarkay, kali gathar, kalichikai, kalimarakam, kallarchikai, kamburu-rikang, kanchaki, kanderi, kanja sagargota, kanja sagargota kankach, kanta-karanja, kantakikaranja, kantakini, karanja, karanju, karanjwa, karaunj, karbath, kashachikai, kat-karanj, kath karanj, katkaranj, katklija, kazanchik-kuru, kazanchikasi, kazarci, kazhanchi, kazhanji, kazharchi kodi, kazharchikkaai, kazhchikai, kharare, khayahe-iblis, khayahe-i-iblis, kiri gejjuga, kitmakit, krakachika, kuberaksah, kuberakshi, kuberaksi, kuberaksiphalam, kuperatci, latakaranja, maghz karanjwah, mechka, mechkhar, molluteega, morata, mulluthige, mulutige, mutkonrai, nata, natakaranja, natukoranza, nemaliaduda, nentai, prakiriya, prakirnah, pulithadiki-kodi, putikah, putikaranja, putikaranjah, putikaranji, qana-e-iblees, qarma-e-abujahal, rohedo, sagaragota, sagargota, sannagajjiga, sannagejje, sapiniti, shukajambukam, sukajambuka, tapasi, tellagacca, thellagatcha, tinagachhika, tirini, vaakeri, vajjirapijam, vakeri, valli, varini, vitapakaranjain Indonesia: kemrunggi, mata hiyang, rembetein Japan: nanten-kazurain Papua New Guinea: kaitin Philippines: bakaig, binitin Thailand: sawaat, thephee, waatin Tibet: srin sman ma ru, srin sman me rudin Vietnam: chi[ee]ng chi[ees]ng

Floral Description:

Climbers, woody, to 10 m tall. Bark blackish, with few recurved prickles. Leaves 20-30 cm; rachis with blackish re­curved prickles; pinnae 2 or 3(or 4) pairs, opposite; leaflets 4-6 pairs, opposite, with short petiolules, adaxially shiny, ovate or elliptic, 3-6 × 1.5-3 cm, leathery, both surfaces glabrous, base broadly cuneate or obtuse, apex obtuse-rounded, sometimes emarginate, rarely acute. Racemes 10-20 cm, arranged in ter­minal, lax, large panicles. Flowers fragrant; pedicels 5-15 mm, slender. Sepals 5, lanceolate, ca. 6 mm, glabrous. Petals unequal: 4 yellow, ovate, glabrous, slightly conspicuously shortly clawed; upper one tinged with red stripes, attenuate to claw, inside hairy at central part. Stamens slightly extended; filaments inflated and hairy at base. Ovary hairy, 2-ovuled. Legume obliquely ovoid, 3-4 × 2-3 cm, swollen, leathery, reticulate, apex beaked. Seed solitary, compressed.

Chemical Comstitutes

1-Deacetoxy-1-oxocaesalmin C, 2-Acetoxy-3-deacetoxycaesaldekarin e, 2-Acetoxycaesaldekarin e, 7-Acetoxybonducellpin C, alpha-Caesalpin, Bonducellpin A, Bonducellpin B, Bonducellpin C, Brazilin, Caesaldekarin e, Caesalmin B, Caesalmin C, Caesalmin E, Caesalmin G, Caesalpin F, Caesalpinin C, Caesalpinin D, Caesalpinin E, Caesalpinin F, Caesalpinin G, Caesalpinin H, Caesalpinin I, Caesalpinin J, Caesalpinin K, Caesalpinin L, Caesalpinin M, Caesalpinin MA, Caesalpinin MB, Caesalpinin MC, Caesalpinin MD, Caesalpinin ME, Caesalpinin N, Caesalpinin O, Caesalpinin P, Neocaesalpin H, Neocaesalpin I, Norcaesalpinin A, Norcaesalpinin B, Norcaesalpinin C, Norcaesalpinin D, Norcaesalpinin E, Norcaesalpinin F, Norcaesalpinin MA, Norcaesalpinin MB, Norcaesalpinin MC

Activities and Uses:

Stem juice for the treatment of eye diseases; shoots of Caesalpinia crista with seeds of Mucuna nigricans pounded and warmed and given in colds and cough. Leaves useful in hepatic troubles, malaria and leprosy; leaves powder a postpartum remedy; leaves and bark febrifuge, anthelmintic, externally in inflammation; tender leaves used in disorders of the liver; prematured leaves used in malaria and for removing intestinal worms of babies; leaves and bark emmenagogue, febrifuge, anthelmintic. Seeds used in malarial fever; seeds paste applied in hydrocele; seed oil applied on ringworms; crushed seeds decoction emetic, astringent, antidysenteric; roasted seeds powder given in stomachache; leaves and seeds antiperiodic, antipyretic, tonic, febrifuge, used in asthma and snakebite; seed oil emollient, used in ear discharges. Roots decoction diuretic, anthelmintic, tonic, useful in the treatment of leprosy, bladder and kidney stones. Fruits applied externally in the treatment of rash; young fruits decoction with seeds of Sapindus mukorossi given in tuberculosis, malaria, fevers. Veterinary medicine, anthelmintic, febrifuge.

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