Dog Flower (Antirrhinum majus)

Dog Flower:

Common Names:

• in English:

common snapdragon, dragon’s mouth, garden snapdragon, large snapdragon, Dog flower, snapdragon, toad’s mouth

• in Italian:

bocca di leone, bocca di leone comune, bocca di lupo

Scientific Names (Synonym):

• Antirrhinum majus L.
• Antirrhinum majus var. algeriense (Rouy) Maire
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. ambiguum (Lange) Malag
• Antirrhinum majus var. angustifolium Chav.
• Antirrhinum majus f. angustifolium (Chav.) Jáv.
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. barrelieri (Boreau) Malag.
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. charidemi (Lange) Malag.
• Antirrhinum majus f. cirrhigerum (Welw. ex Ficalho) Cout.


• Antirrhinum majus subsp. cirrhigerum (Welw. ex Ficalho) Franco
• Antirrhinum majus f. compositum (Lojac.) Bég.
• Antirrhinum majus var. dubium Faure & Maire
• Antirrhinum majus var. fallax Loret
• Antirrhinum majus var. faurei (Maire) Jahand. & Maire
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. glutinosum (Boiss. & Reut.) Malag.
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. hispanicum (Chav.) Malag.
• Antirrhinum majus var. huetii (Reut.) Rouy
• Antirrhinum majus var. hybridum Benth.
• Antirrhinum majus var. intermedium (Debeaux) Rouy
• Antirrhinum majus var. latifolium (Hoffmanns. & Link) Brot.
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. latifolium (Mill.) Rouy
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. linkianum (Boiss. & Reut.) Rothm.
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. litigiosum (Pau ex Sennen) Rothm.
• Antirrhinum majus var. longipedunculatum Regel
• Antirrhinum majus f. luteum (Bég.) Bég.
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. meonanthum (Hoffmanns. & Link.) Malag.
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. molle (L.) Malag.
• Antirrhinum majus var. ochroleucum (Coss.) Jahand. & Maire
• Antirrhinum majus var. ottomanum (Janka) Rouy


• Antirrhinum majus var. peloria Migout
• Antirrhinum majus var. pseudomajus (Rouy) Rouy
• Antirrhinum majus var. ramosissimum Willk. ex Lange
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. rupestre (Boiss.) Malag.
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. sempervirens (Lapeyr.) Malag.
• Antirrhinum majus var. siculum (Mill.) Fiori
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. siculum (Mill.) Maire
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. striatum (DC.) Rothm.
• Antirrhinum majus var. striatum (DC.) Rothm.
• Antirrhinum majus var. tortuosum (Bosc ex Vent.) Bég.
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. tortuosum (Bosc ex Vent.) Rouy
• Antirrhinum majus subsp. valentinum (Font Quer) Malag.

Pharmacological activities

• Powdered stem to stop nose bleeding.
• Leaves and flowers antiphlogistic, diuretic, bitter, resolvent and stimulant, detergent and astringent.
• A treatment for scurvy, liver disorders, employed in poultices on ulcers, hemorrhoids.
• Stem, leaves and fruits used in typhoid fever.

Chemical Constituents

• Glycine,
• L-Tryptophan,
• Tyramine,
• Cyanidin 3-rutinoside,
• 1-Caffeoyl-beta-D-glucose,
• Antirrinoside, Apigenin 7,4'-diglucuronide,
• Luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide,
• 5,7,4'-Trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone,
• Chalconaringenin 4'-glucoside,
• 3,4,2',4',6'-Pentahydroxychalcone 4'-glucoside,
• Aureusidin,
• Aureusin
• 4-Methyl-2,6-naphthyridine